Andrew II of Hungary (II. András magyar király) - Hosök tere, Budapest, Hungary
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A bronze statue of Andrew II (II. András), the king of Hungary (1205–35) in a semi-circular pantheon, which is part of the Millenium Monument at Hosök tere in Budapest.
Waymark Code: WM12F73
Location: Budapest, Hungary
Date Posted: 05/14/2020
Views: 2
The fourth window from the left in the two-winged semi-circular pantheon which is filled with 7-7 statues of Hungarian leaders, kings and governors located on Heroes' Square in Budapest, depicts Andrew II of Hungary (also known as Andrew of Jerusalem), the King of Hungary who ruled Hungary from 1205 to 1235. His reign was marked by controversy with barons and the great feudatories and by the issuance of the Golden Bull of 1222, which has been called the Hungarian Magna Carta. The bronze statue depicts him as a crusader wearing a king's crown and holding the Golden Bull scroll in his hand.
The son of Béla III, Andrew succeeded László III, his elder brother’s son, on the throne in 1205. Powerful landed interests forced Andrew to spend royal funds so recklessly that the crown was soon impoverished and dependent on the feudatories, who soon reduced Hungary to a state of near anarchy. Objecting to the prodigality of the German followers of Andrew’s first wife, Gertrude of Meran, rebellious nobles murdered her in 1213. Four years later, with an army of 15,000 men, Andrew set off on an ill-fated Crusade to the Holy Land. After his return the barons forced him to agree to the Golden Bull, which became an important source of the Hungarian constitution. It limited royal rights and prerogatives, confirmed basic rights of smallholders and nobles, guaranteed justice for all, and promised to improve the coinage. Under it, nobles had the right to resist by force any royal decree.
During Andrew’s reign the Teutonic Knights, who had occupied parts of Transylvania for 14 years, came into conflict with both royal and ecclesiastical authority, and the order was expelled from Hungary in 1225. Andrew’s daughter by Gertrude was canonized as St. Elizabeth of Hungary.
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