Toivo Mikael Kivimäki - Hietaniemi Cemetery - Helsinki, Finland
Posted by: Groundspeak Premium Member SMacB
N 60° 10.343 E 024° 54.578
35V E 384023 N 6672445
Toivo Mikael Kivimäki, J.D., was head of the department of civil law at Helsinki University 1931–1956, Prime Minister of Finland 1932–1936, and Finland's Envoy to Berlin 1940–1944.
Waymark Code: WMYQ35
Location: Finland
Date Posted: 07/09/2018
Published By:Groundspeak Premium Member NW_history_buff
Views: 7

"Toivo Mikael Kivimäki (5 June 1886 – 6 May 1968), J.D., was head of the department of civil law at Helsinki University 1931–1956, Prime Minister of Finland 1932–1936, and Finland's Envoy to Berlin 1940–1944.

He was elected as member of the Parliament for terms 1922, 1924-1927 and 1929-1940. Before prime ministership, Kivimäki served as Minister of the Interior 1928-1929 and Minister of Justice 1931-1932.
After WWII

In 1946, Kivimäki together with half-a-dozen other leading politicians were put on "war-responsibility trials" executed under pressure from the Allied victors in World War II. Kivimäki was sentenced to five years in prison after being found responsible for the Continuation War. After Finland signed the Paris Peace Treaties, 1947, and the Finno–Soviet Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance, 1948, the international situation was deemed somewhat stabilized, and Kivimäki was pardoned. He returned to his career in academia.
Legacy

As with all politicians connected with the Continuation War, Kivimäki was for decades seen in a somewhat critical light. During the era of finlandization, many prominent Finns expressed themselves cautiously on such subjects in order not to disturb sensitive Allied victors of the war; a cautiousness that without doubt influenced Finland's post-war generation's understanding and views.

As Prime Minister, Kivimäki headed Finland's (until 1987) most long-lived cabinet, aiming at stabilizing the turbulent politics in Finland after the semi-fascist Mäntsälä Rebellion had been put down.
He achieved the reversal of Finland's foreign policy into a neutralist pro-Scandinavian stance, and a Swedish rapprochement, that may well have been prepared for in the most initiated circles, but that in the contemporary tense phase of the language strife in Finland was not at all easy to explain to the public opinion.
As an Envoy to the Third Reich, Kivimäki was in a position to observe the anti-Semitic nature of the Nazi regime and the disappearance of German Jews to concentration camps. Kivimäki succeeded in reversing Nazi Germany's anti-Finnish stance, obtaining support and favours but at the price of Finland having to form an alliance with Hitler. Finland avoided formal treaties with Nazi Germany up until the Ryti-Ribbentrop Agreement, which was signed after the fall of Viipuri in June 1944.

Several individuals and factors were critical for the Winter War and the Continuation War. Kivimäki without any doubt occupies a prominent position among pro-Axis Finnish leaders."

SOURCE - (visit link)

Suomi -
"Toivo Mikael Kivimäki (5. kesäkuuta 1886 Tarvasjoki – 6. toukokuuta 1968 Helsinki) oli suomalainen oikeustieteilijä ja Kansallisen Edistyspuolueen poliitikko, joka toimi Suomen pääministerinä 1932–1936. Hän oli myös sisäministerinä 1928–1929, oikeusministerinä 1931–1932 ja kansanedustajana 1922, 1924–1927 ja 1929–1940. Kivimäki edusti puolueensa oikeaa siipeä ja hänen poliittinen linjansa voidaan nähdä oikeistoliberaalisena. Kivimäki toimi Suomen Berliinin-lähettiläänä välirauhan ja jatkosodan aikana 1940–1944. Hän oli myös yksi sotasyyllisyysoikeudenkäynnissä syytetyistä ja tuomituista, ja hän oli vankilassa 1946–1948. Poliittisen uransa ohella Kivimäki toimi siviilioikeuden professorina Helsingin yliopistossa vuosina 1931–1956.

Kivimäki jatkoi siviilioikeuden professorina vuoteen 1956 asti.[9] Hän oli kuuluisa arvaamattomuudestaan tenttijänä; hän saattoi päästää jonkun pelkällä kommentilla, toisaalta saattoi puolestaan hiostaa kovastikin jotakuta toista, jonka sinänsä periaatteessa täydellistä oppikirjavastausta piti juridisesti hengettömänä. Erityisen inhottavaksi hän heittäytyi silloin, jos joku oli opetellut tietyn lakipykälän sanasta sanaan ulkoa mutta ei osannutkaan tulkita kyseistä tekstiä millään tavoin.

Kivimäki vihittiin vuonna 1956 Turun yliopiston filosofian kunniatohtoriksi. Hän oli vielä valtion yhteiskuntatieteellisen toimikunnan varapuheenjohtajana 1961–1964. Kivimäki julkaisi vuonna 1965 muistelmateoksen Suomalaisen poliitikon muistelmat, jossa pyrki valikoivasti selittämään parhain päin sota-aikaista toimintaansa.[9] Kuoltuaan vuonna 1968 Kivimäki haudattiin Helsingin Hietaniemen hautausmaalle vastapäätä Risto Rytin hautaa."

LÄHDE - (visit link)
Description:
Toivo Mikael Kivimäki, J.D., was head of the department of civil law at Helsinki University 1931–1956, Prime Minister of Finland 1932–1936, and Finland's Envoy to Berlin 1940–1944.


Date of birth: 06/05/1886

Date of death: 05/06/1968

Area of notoriety: Politics

Marker Type: Monument

Setting: Outdoor

Fee required?: No

Web site: [Web Link]

Visiting Hours/Restrictions: Not listed

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