This magnificent hip roof colonial was built in about 1750 by a man named John Murray, a Scotch-Irish immigrant who had arrived in the colonies some years earlier as a penniless boy named John MeMorroh. He changed his name and found his way to Rutland where he worked as a peddler, storekeeper and cattle buyer, and built his fortunes up so that he became the wealthiest man in town. He served in town government and represented Rutland for 20 years in the General Court. He also flaunted his wealth and ruled his land like a lord.
In the fiery years before the Revolution Murray was appointed by the Governor of the Commonwealth as a Mandamus Councillor answerable only to the Governor and the King and responsible for overseeing the King's laws and taxes, an unpopular position with the angry colonists but one which Murray seemed to relish. On the night of August 24, 1774 an angry mob of 500 men from Worcester marched 12 miles to Rutland to force Murray to resign. They stoned his house, broke windows and shouted threats. Murray fled with his family by coach over the back road to Princeton and thence to Boston where he sought asylum with the British. He later went to New Brunswick and never returned to the United States. All of Murray's properties were confiscated in 1776 during the Revolution and sold by the new government after the war. In the interim the property was leased by Samuel Babbitt.
This house was purchased in 1781 by General Rufus Putnam for 993 pounds silver. Putnam was one of General Washington's prized engineers. Born in Sutton in 1738, Putnam received no formal schooling but taught himself writing and arithmetic with books bought from selling grouse and other game he had shot. Putnam taught himself to survey land and served three enlistments in the French and Indian War, designing and building defenses against the French on the Great Lakes. In the Revolution he designed the breastworks on Dorchester Heights which allowed General Washington to force the British out of Boston shortly after the battle of Bunker Hill. Putnam was regarded as General Washington's ablest engineer; in one of his many engineering feats he designed the fortifications that kept West Point on the Hudson River out of British hands.
As a resident of Rutland Putnam filled many town offices but his dream was the settlement of the great Northwest Territories, as the future states of Ohio, Wisconsin, Illinois and Michigan were then known. Putnam devised a plan wherein officers of the Revolution would accept land in the new territory in lieu of wages they were still owed by Congress. He founded the Ohio Company, a group of war veterans and, with the approval of Congress and General Washington, established the first town in Ohio, named Marietta, in 1788. One of the founding principles of the Ohio Company was that slavery should be excluded from the new territory.
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Rufus Putnam (April 9, 1738 – 1824) was a colonial military officer during the French and Indian War, and a general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He was instrumental in the initial settling of the Ohio Country following the war.
After the shots at The battle of Lexington were fired, Putnam immediately enlisted the same day, on April 19, 1775, in one of Massachusett's first revolutionary regiments. Putnam later enlisted in the Continental Army as a Lieutenant Colonel, under the command of David Brewer. Brewer's regiment first engaged with the British Army in Roxbury, Massachusetts. Putnam, drawing from his knowledge and skill as a millwright, was essential in constructing the fortifications necessary for obtaining victory. His fortifications played as a key advantage for the Continental Army, securing victories at Sewall's Point, Providence, New Port, Dorchester Heights, Long Island, and West Point.
General Washington appointed Putnam to be the Chief of Engineers of the Works of New York. He was soon promoted to engineer with the rank of colonel; however when the Continental Congress rejected his proposition to establish a corp of engineers in December 1776, Putnam resigned.
He reenlisted in the Northern Army and served under Major General Horatio Gates. Under Gates, Putnam commanded two regiments in the battle of Saratoga. Putnam also constructed crucial fortifications, including Fort Putnam at West Point in 1778. In 1779 Putnam served under Major General Anthony Wayne after the capture of Stony Point. Putnam's remaining military career was rather uneventful. In January 1783 he was commissioned as brigadier general.
After the war was over, Putnam returned to Rutland, Massachusetts. He had bought a confiscated farm here in 1780, and returned to reside upon it. Putnam returned to working as a surveyor, inspecting lands in Maine (then part of Massachusetts). Putnam was a strong advocate of granting lands to veterans of the Revolution. He was one of the authors of the army's Newbergh Petition, which was submitted to Congress requesting land disbursements.
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