Engagement at Arnoldsburg-Divided Loyalties - Arnoldsburg WV - U.S. Civil War Sites on Waymarking.com

Engagement at Arnoldsburg-Divided Loyalties

Early in 1862, the 11th West Virginia Infantry in Spencer established an outpost here in Arnoldsburg to suppress Confederate guerilla activity. Union Maj. George C. Trimble commanded four companies here at Camp McDonald, named for former county militia colonel Adonijah McDonald. Many of the soldiers were from Calhoun County.

The Moccasin Rangers, Confederate guerillas, also recruited county residents. Peregrine Hays and George Silcott, both of Arnoldsburg, organized the Rangers, the 19th Virginia Cavalry, and Capt. George Downs commanded them. From 1861 to mid-1862, they raided Union outposts, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and the Weston and Gauley Bridge Turnpike. They killed and captured Union sympathizers, recruited soldiers, and “acquired” supplies and equipment.

In May 1862, Downs led Co. A, fewer than 100 men, to attack Camp McDonald. Trimble marched two companies up the West Fork of the Little Kanawha River to confront the Confederates, but Downs divided his force and eluded Trimble, who returned to camp on May 5. That night, under cover of fog, Downs occupied the hills surrounding the camp. The Federals detected them the next morning and attacked with two detachments, while a third occupied Peregrine Hay’s house. After the fog lifted, each side directed heavy fire on the other. Almost four hours later, the Confederates retreated, but the clash was mistakenly reported as a Union defeat. Despite the expenditure of ammunition, casualties were light. One Federal was wounded, while Downs lost two killed and one wounded. The Confederate threat subsided, and Downs was captured in July near his home on the Little Kanawha River.

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When Calhoun County was formed from Gilmer County in 1856, the county court first met on April 14 at the mouth of the Pine Creek on the Little Kanawha River in the house of Joseph W. Burson, a Moccasin Ranger who was killed in the Arnoldsburg engagement. In September 1856, the court began meeting here in Arnoldsburg, but in November the voters moved the seat to present-day Brooksville. In 1858, however, it returned to Arnoldsburg and during the war, alternated between this location and Grantsville. In 1869, it settled permanently in Grantsville.

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(lower left) Arnoldsburg, drawn by Maj. Michael Ayers Courtesy Calhoun County Historical Society
(upper right) Capt. George Downs Courtesy Ken Connell, Peregrine Hays — Courtesy Calhoun County Historical Society

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Date Logged Log User Rating   07/01/2023 Don.Morfe visited it