Loess-Paleosol Sequences in Ilok, Croatia
Posted by: 
GCEdo
N 45° 13.538 E 019° 21.650
34T E 371316 N 5009322
This nice example of loess-paleosol sequences is located in Ilok, Croatia.
Waymark Code: WMT7RA
Location: Croatia
Date Posted: 10/10/2016
Views: 1
This nice example of loess-paleosol sequences with several layers of loess and paleosol is located in Ilok, Croatia. These loess-paleosol sequences contain several dark colored layers, or paleosols (paleosol is a layer of fossilized soil), within yellow loess deposits. These loess-paleosol sequences represent evidence of various climatic changes that occurred during the last 150,000 years. During that period of time, Quaternary glaciation or the current ice age took place. During the ice age, there are periods of severe glacial conditions - yellow loess layers are remnants from those glacial periods. And there are warmer, interglacial periods - dark paleosol layers are remnants from those periods.
Loess is a type of material that is formed by wind activity, or as geologists would say it is an aeolian sediment. Loess can be of glacial or non-glacial origin. Loess at this location is of glacial origin - it was formed during glacial periods. In these periods, during the summer, huge amounts of ice were melted down and huge areas were flooded. After the summer, in the autumn and winter, melting of ice ceased and flooded areas dried out. Once these areas become dry again the wind starts to carry away dry particles from these areas. These particles were then deposited further away in the direction of wind blowing.
During warmer, interglacial periods, this periodic yearly ice melting ceased, the climate became warmer, loess formation slowly ceased, and soil formation slowly started to occur. Soil formation is entirely different process from loess formation process. Geologists say there are three different forces behind soil formation - climate, biology, and material. Climate functions as a regulator of soil formation. Soil that is formed on top of loess deposits is not only of different origin, but also of different chemical composition. The final result is different color of paleosol layers when compared to loess layers.
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