Abbazia di Pomposa - Codigoro, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
Posted by: Groundspeak Premium Member lumbricus
N 44° 49.918 E 012° 10.525
33T E 276729 N 4968166
L'abbazia di Pomposa situata nel comune di Codigoro in provincia di Ferrara è un'abbazia risalente al IX secolo e una delle più importanti di tutto il Nord Italia. --- Pomposa Abbey is a Benedictine monastery near Ferrara, Italy.
Waymark Code: WMPQDP
Location: Emilia–Romagna, Italy
Date Posted: 10/07/2015
Published By:Groundspeak Premium Member Dorcadion Team
Views: 2

"L'insula Pomposiana, conosciuta già nell'antichità, era in origine circondata dalle acque (del Po di Goro, del Po di Volano e del mare). Si hanno notizie di un'abbazia benedettina, di dimensioni inferiori a quella attuale, a partire dal IX secolo, ma l'insediamento della prima comunità monastica nell'Insula Pomposiana risale al VI-VII secolo, fondato in epoca longobarda dai monaci di San Colombano che vi eressero una cappella. Il primo documento storico che attesti l'esistenza dell'abbazia è comunque del IX secolo: ne fa menzione il frammento di una lettera che papa Giovanni VIII inviò all'imperatore Ludovico II.

Sappiamo inoltre che nel 981 passò alle dipendenze del monastero pavese di San Salvatore, e che diciotto anni più tardi subiva la giurisdizione dell'arcidiocesi ravennate, affrancandosene in seguito e godendo, grazie a donazioni private, un periodo di grande fioritura.

L'abbazia che noi oggi ammiriamo venne consacrata nel 1026 (quindi edificata prima) dall'abate Guido. Alla basilica il magister Mazulo aggiunse un nartece con tre grandi arcate.

Fino al XIV secolo l'abbazia godette di proprietà, sia nei terreni circostanti (compresa una salina a Comacchio), sia nel resto d'Italia, grazie alle donazioni; poi ebbe un lento declino, dovuto a fattori geografici e ambientali, quali la malaria e l'impaludamento della zona, causato anche dalla deviazione dell'alveo del Po (rotta di Ficarolo, 1152).

Ebbe una grande importanza per la conservazione e la diffusione della cultura durante il Medioevo, grazie ai monaci amanuensi che vi risiedevano. In quest'abbazia il monaco Guido d'Arezzo ideò la moderna notazione musicale e fissò il nome delle note musicali. Fra il 1040 e il 1042 vi soggiornò anche il ravennate Pier Damiani, chiamato a istruire i monaci.

Nel 1653 papa Innocenzo X soppresse il monastero, che nel 1802 venne acquistato dalla famiglia ravennate Guiccioli. Alla fine del XIX secolo la proprietà passò allo Stato italiano." Wikipedia (visit link)

-----

"Pomposa Abbey is a Benedictine monastery in the comune of Codigoro near Ferrara, Italy. It was one of the most important in northern Italy, famous for the Carolingian manuscripts preserved in its rich library, one of the wealthiest of Carolingian repositories, and for the Romanesque buildings.

The earliest report of a Benedictine abbey at this site dates from 874, by which time Pomposa was already a center of sophisticated Carolingian art The settlement was probably two centuries earlier, founded at some point following the devastation of Classe, the port of Ravenna (574) during the Lombard epoch of northern Italy by monks of the Irish missionary, Columbanus. A letter of c. 1093 mentions among classical texts acquired or copied for the library by the abbot Girolamo alludes to Horace (Carmen Saeculare, Satires, Epistles), Virgil's Georgics, Juvenal, Persius, Quintilian, Terence's Andria, Jerome's preface to the history of Eusebius, Cicero's De officiis and De oratore, the abridgement of Livy called Periochae and the Mathematica of Julius Firmicus Maternus.

Until the 14th century the abbey had possessions in the whole of Italy, making its cartulary of more than local importance, but later declined due to impoverishment of the neighbouring area owing to the retreat of the sea front and the increasing presence of malaria of the lower Po valley. It played an important role in the culture of Italy thanks to the work of its scribe monks and in part to the sojourn at Pomposa of Peter Damian. In this abbey Guido d'Arezzo invented the modern musical notation in the early 11th century.

The monks of Pomposa migrated to San Benedetto, Ferrara, 1650, leaving the abbey unoccupied. In the 19th century the abbey was acquired by the Italian government.
Frescoed nave of the abbey church

The church, dedicated to Saint Mary, is an example of a triple-nave Ravennan basilica with arcaded aisles and carpentry rafters, originating in the 7th-9th century, and sequentially enlarged as the abbey grew in power and prestige, attaining its present aspect, with a segmental apse, in the 11th century. The interior contains a good Cosmatesque and mosaic inlaid stone pavement, and interesting frescoes in the apse by Vitale da Bologna and his assistants; and there are also paintings in the refectory by a Riminese master. The chapter hall has early 14th-century frescoes by a pupil of Giotto.

The free-standing campanile (begun in 1063 and completed within several decades), standing at 48 m, is one of the finest surviving belltowers from the Romanesque period, together with the campanile of Abbey of San Mercuriale (75 m), in Forlì.

Notable also is the mid-11th century Palazzo della Ragione facing the abbey church in the forecourt or atrium that was built before the abbey church was consecrated in 1026, by an architect trained at Ravenna, Mazulo." Wikipedia (visit link)

-----

Pomposa (lat. Abbatia Santae Mariae Pomposae) ist eine ehemalige Abtei des Benediktiner-Ordens an der Mündung des Po in Nord-Italien. Sie liegt auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde Codigoro in der Provinz Ferrara.

Bereits im 6. Jahrhundert existierte an dieser Stelle eine kleine Kirche. Etwa ab Mitte des 9. Jahrhunderts siedelten sich die ersten Benediktinermönche an; der erste belegte Hinweis stammt aus dem Jahre 847. Das Kloster profitierte von seiner Lage auf einer fruchtbaren, von zwei Armen des Po umgebenen Insel in der Nähe der „strada romea“ zwischen Ravenna und Rom. Wie in vielen anderen Gegenden auch, leisteten die Mönche getreu ihrem Motto „ora et labora“ wahre Pionierarbeit. Eine blühende Landwirtschaft war die Folge.

Das Kloster wurde schnell zu einem der bedeutendsten religiösen und kulturellen Zentren Italiens und erreichte nach dem Jahr 1000 seine größte Blütezeit. In dieser Phase erstreckte sich die spirituelle, politische und legislative Macht des jeweiligen Abtes auf sämtliche umliegenden Gemeinden.

Den Höhepunkt ihrer kulturellen und spirituellen Entwicklung hatte die Abtei, als ihr der Hl. Guido degli Strambiati vorstand. Dieser Abt führte in das Leben der über 100 Mönche eine große Strenge ein. Eine weitere Persönlichkeit, die in dieser Zeit in der Abtei lebte, war Guido, ein Mönch gleichen Namens (der auch „Guido von Arezzo“ genannt wird, weil er sich später lange in dieser Stadt aufgehalten hat). Er ist der Erfinder der modernen Notenschrift.

Eine Naturkatastrophe leitete den Niedergang von Pomposa ein: Im Jahre 1152 durchbrach der Po bei einer Überschwemmung oberhalb von Ferrara die Dämme und verlagerte sein Bett. Als Folge versumpfte das Gebiet um die Abtei, und die durch Mücken übertragene Malaria dezimierte die Bevölkerung. Im Jahre 1235 lebten noch 20, 1306 sogar nur noch 10 Mönche im Kloster.

In den folgenden Jahrhunderten wurde das Kloster immer wieder anderen Abteien unterstellt, die viele Kunstschätze und Einrichtungsgegenstände in ihre eigenen Mauern übertrugen. 1663 wurde das Kloster aufgehoben, 1671 verließen die letzten Mönche die Abtei. Die Klosterkirche wurde zunächst Pfarrkirche, bis sie nach der Französischen Revolution an einen Privatmann verkauft wurde, der die Klostergebäude landwirtschaftlich nutzte. Zwischen 1920 und 1930 wurden die im Privatbesitz befindlichen Teile enteignet und das Kloster restauriert, wodurch die Abtei ihr heutiges Aussehen erhielt." Wikipedia (visit link)
Full name of the abbey/monastery/convent: Abbazia di Pomposa

Address:
Via Pomposa Centro 12
Codigoro, Emilia-Romagna Italy
44021


Religious affiliation: Catholic, Benedictine

Date founded/constructed: 874

Web Site: [Web Link]

Status of Use: Restored Ruin

Visit Instructions:
Describe your visit, including the date, with as much detail as possible, AND contribute at least ONE PHOTO, original, different from those already in the gallery, if possible.

Search for...
Geocaching.com Google Map
Google Maps
MapQuest
Bing Maps
Nearest Waymarks
Nearest Abbeys, Convents and Monasteries
Nearest Geocaches
Create a scavenger hunt using this waymark as the center point
Recent Visits/Logs:
There are no logs for this waymark yet.