Iglesia de San Miguel - Gualchos, Granada, España
Posted by: Groundspeak Premium Member GURUGU
N 36° 44.575 W 003° 23.465
30S E 465086 N 4066424
Actualmente el templo se presenta en tres naves y una torre campanario a la derecha de la cabecera.
Waymark Code: WM19W1M
Location: Andalucía, Spain
Date Posted: 04/22/2024
Published By:Groundspeak Premium Member Alfouine
Views: 0

"La primera parroquia que tuvo el pueblo de Gualchos, se erigió por el cardenal de Mendoza, tras la expulsión definitiva de la población morisca, a principios del siglo XVI. Ese primigenio templo se levantó en 1502, sobre los cimientos de la antigua mezquita, por orden expreso de los Reyes Católicos. Estaba constituido por una sola nave, cubierta por armadura mudéjar de lima bordón, que fue realizada por el carpintero Francisco González de Salazar.

La iglesia tendría unas dimensiones aproximadas de 24,75 metros de largo por 5,90 metros de ancho, con capilla mayor diferenciada, separada por un arco toral. A la derecha se encontraba la torre cerrada por un antepecho y almenas que servían para defenderse de los enemigos. Esta militarización de la iglesia no se reducía solo a la torre, sino que encima de la puerta del templo se dispuso un matacán o ladronera para defender la iglesia.

Aunque a día de hoy nos pueda parecer extraño que las iglesias de algunos pueblos fueran pequeños fortines, hay que recordar que hasta bien entrado el siglo XVII la costa granadina fue objeto de numerosos ataques por parte de piratas y corsarios berberiscos.

Uno de estos ataques sucedió el 5 de julio de 1640. A las costas granadinas, a la altura de la Rábita arriaron 5 galeras y dos bergantines turcos, que lograron saquear el pueblo de Gualchos. Las hordas turcas tras este saqueo intentaron tomar Castell de Ferro, y aunque acabó en fracaso, los ánimos de los turcos no flaquearon. Ese mismo verano llegaron a Granada informaciones sobre nuevos ataques, las señales de rebato dadas por las fortificaciones costeras, avisaron de que 80 navíos y 40 naves de menor tamaño se habían visto cruzando el estrecho. Cuando la noticia llegó a Granada se enviaron soldados y caballos a Motril para socorrerles.

Volviendo a la iglesia de San Miguel del pueblo de Gualchos, en 1614 debido al estado de ruina que presenta el edificio se reedificó, según el proyecto de Juan Luis de Ortega. Posteriormente, en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII se amplió el templo, momento en que se construyeron tres capillas laterales anexas, cuyas estructuras son perfectamente visibles desde el exterior. Durante estas remodelaciones también se echaron a bajo las armaduras mudéjares, y el resto de carpintería que tenía el templo.

La Iglesia de San Miguel de Gualchos, disponía en esa época de 1 cura, 2 beneficiados y 2 sacristanes, que asistían tanto al pueblo de Gualchos como a los anejos de Lújar y Jolúcar.

Actualmente el templo se presenta en tres naves y una torre campanario a la derecha de la cabecera.

Interiormente, la iglesia de Gualchos se dispone en tres naves, siendo mayor la central. Se separan las naves mediante arcos de medio punto, apoyados en pilastras de base cuadrada, y se cubren por modernos techos de escayola. La capilla mayor, se encuentra separada de la nave principal por un arco toral. Es de planta cuadrada y está cubierta por una bóveda de arista, de la misma anchura que la nave central.

Exteriormente es apreciable todavía el pasado mudéjar de la iglesia de San Miguel. Presenta dos portadas de medio punto con apilastrados de ladrillo. Una de las portadas se dispone en el lateral derecho y la otra a los pies del templo. Esta última está más elevada del suelo que la lateral, y el acceso hay que hacerlo subiendo unas modernas escaleras.

Para lo último, dejamos la descripción de la torre-campanario, que fue en su día una torre de defensa. Disponía de antepecho, almenas, y saeteras. El campanario estaría constituido por una sencilla espadaña sobre las almenas. La torre conserva todavía algunas de estas saeteras en todas sus plantas, unas fueron cegadas al colocarse las nuevas cubiertas, y otras ampliadas para convertirlas en ventanas.

La torre es una sólida construcción de planta rectangular. Consta de tres plantas de alzada, y en cada una de ellas se disponen sendas estancias cubiertas por bóvedas de aristas, realizadas con ladrillo tabicado doble y enlucido. El exterior muestra el acabado característico de la época, con decoración de corazones esgrafiados en el enfoscado de los cajones de mampostería. Se corona la torre con un cuerpo de campanas añadido en el siglo XVIII."

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"The first parish that the town of Gualchos had was erected by the Cardinal of Mendoza, after the definitive expulsion of the Moorish population, at the beginning of the 16th century. That original temple was built in 1502, on the foundations of the old mosque, by express order of the Catholic Monarchs. It was made up of a single nave, covered by Mudejar burgundy lime armor, which was made by the carpenter Francisco González de Salazar.

The church would have approximate dimensions of 24.75 meters long by 5.90 meters wide, with a distinct main chapel, separated by a main arch. To the right was the tower closed by a parapet and battlements that served to defend against enemies. This militarization of the church was not limited only to the tower, but above the temple door a machicolation or thief trap was placed to defend the church.

Although today it may seem strange to us that the churches of some towns were small forts, we must remember that until well into the 17th century the Granada coast was the object of numerous attacks by pirates and Berber corsairs.

One of these attacks happened on July 5, 1640. On the coast of Granada, at the height of La Rábita, 5 galleys and two Turkish brigs were brought down, which managed to plunder the town of Gualchos. After this sacking, the Turkish hordes tried to take Castell de Ferro, and although it ended in failure, the spirit of the Turks did not waver. That same summer, information reached Granada about new attacks; the signals given by the coastal fortifications warned that 80 ships and 40 smaller ships had been seen crossing the strait. When the news reached Granada, soldiers and horses were sent to Motril to help them.

Returning to the church of San Miguel in the town of Gualchos, in 1614 due to the state of ruin that the building is in, it was rebuilt, according to the project of Juan Luis de Ortega. Later, in the second half of the 18th century, the temple was expanded, at which time three attached side chapels were built, whose structures are perfectly visible from the outside. During these renovations, the Mudejar armor and the rest of the carpentry that the temple had were also removed.

At that time, the Church of San Miguel de Gualchos had 1 priest, 2 beneficiaries and 2 sacristans, who assisted both the town of Gualchos and the annexes of Lújar and Jolúcar.

Currently the temple has three naves and a bell tower to the right of the chancel.

Internally, the church of Gualchos is arranged in three naves, the central one being larger. The naves are separated by semicircular arches, supported by pilasters with a square base, and are covered by modern plaster ceilings. The main chapel is separated from the main nave by a main arch. It has a square floor plan and is covered by a groin vault, the same width as the central nave.

Externally, the Mudejar past of the church of San Miguel is still noticeable. It has two semicircular portals with brick stacking. One of the portals is arranged on the right side and the other at the foot of the temple. The latter is higher from the ground than the side one, and access must be done by climbing some modern stairs.

For last, we leave the description of the bell tower, which was once a defense tower. It had a parapet, battlements, and loopholes. The bell tower would consist of a simple belfry on the battlements. The tower still conserves some of these loopholes on all its floors; some were blocked off when the new covers were placed, and others were expanded to become windows.

The tower is a solid rectangular construction. It consists of three floors in height, and in each of them there are separate rooms covered by groin vaults, made of double partitioned brick and plastered. The exterior shows the characteristic finish of the period, with decoration of sgraffito hearts on the plaster of the masonry drawers. The tower is crowned with a body of bells added in the 18th century."

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Date the Church was built, dedicated or cornerstone laid: 01/01/1614

Age of Church building determined by?: Church website

If denomination of Church is not part of the name, please provide it here: Católica

Street address of Church:
Calle Iglesia, 2
Gualchos, Granada España
18614


Primary website for Church or Historic Church Building: [Web Link]

If Church is open to the public, please indicate hours: Not listed

If Church holds a weekly worship service and "all are welcome", please give the day of the week: Not listed

Indicate the time that the primary worship service is held. List only one: Not Listed

Secondary Website for Church or Historic Church Building: Not listed

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