Muíño de aceite - Bendilló, Quiroga, Lugo, España
Posted by: Groundspeak Premium Member xeocach
N 42° 25.953 W 007° 13.023
29T E 646657 N 4699343
Construción duns 300 anos de antigüidade // Construction about 300 years old
Waymark Code: WM184KW
Location: Galicia, Spain
Date Posted: 05/29/2023
Published By:Groundspeak Regular Member Windsocker
Views: 0

[GAL] “Cando falamos de aceite seguro que sempre pensamos nas cálidas terras do Mediterráneo e nos extensos oliveirais que alí se cultivan. Mais aquí mesmo, nestas terras de Quiroga, tamén somos quen de producir o noso aceite, o ouro verde dos romanos.

Todo parece indicar que foron os romanos os que introduciron o cultivo da oliveira no noso país. Con eles trouxeron as sementes da zona mediterránea e aquí procederon á súa plantación. Co tempo, o cultivo chegou a ser realmente importante, e incluso houbo necesidade de delimitar con exactitude cantas árbores lle correspondían a cada propietario.

Por medio de construcións artesanais como muíños, e a partir de pequenas plantacións de oliveiras, as xentes desta comarca tiñan un abastecemento suficiente de aceite para a súa alimentación. En Bendilló temos un exemplo perfecto de como eran estes muíños. A antigüidade desta construción pode datar, segundo algúns estudos, de hai algo máis de 300 anos, a súa restauración permite agora contemplar as diferentes pezas que o conforman.

Arredor do muíño ten lugar cada ano unha mostra de exaltación do produto, coincidindo a finais de febreiro ou principios de marzo.

O muíño consiste nunha pedra horizontal circular, fixa, con canles na marxe, a Pía de Moer, que leva no seu interior outra roda, a moega, que xira mediante un espigo de ferro embutido na parte superior dunha trabe de madeira. Grazas á forza motriz dun burro ou unha mula, móvese o conxunto de roda, eixo e brazo. A oliva vaise botand coa man ou con cestas na Tolva de madeira que vai deixando caer ao paso da moega, a medida que a vai esmagando.

Unha vez moída a oliva e convertida nunha pasta, pasaba ao lagar onde se depositaba entre capachos de esparto colacados uns sobre outros; a continuación prensábase no mazo ou prensa obtendo primeiro o mellor aceite.

Coa axúda de auga quente botada sobre a pastl e os capachos, na decantadora, separábase o aceite dos restos máis sólidos da pasta. Aceite e auga recollíanse nuns longos caldeiros de madeira onde o aceite, que flota sobre a auga, era fácil de separar. Trátase dun aceite bastante forte (0.6-0.7 grados de acidez), mais tamén moi apreciado para ungüentos e ensaladas. Os restos sólidos da moenda, “a garabuña”, unha vez secos, eran aproveitados para queimar nas cociñas xa que funciona como gran combustible.”

Fonte: Panel explicativo


[EN] “When we think of oil, we almost certainly picture the warm lands of the Mediterranean and the vast olive groves tended there. But, right here, in the Quiroga district, we also produce oil: considered by the Romans to be “green gold”.

All the evidence suggests that the Romans brought olive-growing to Galicia. With them, they brought seeds from the Mediterranean area, which they began to plant here. Over time, olive-growing became so important that it was even necessary to exactly define how many trees belonged to each owner.

Using traditional structures such as mills and small olive farms, the inhabitants this district produced a large enough supply of oil to eat. In Bendilló, we can see a perfect example of what these mills were like. According to some studies, this building may be over 300 years old and, now restored, we can observe all its different parts. A fair to celebrate the product is held every year near the mill in late February or early March.

The mill is formed of a fixed horizontal circular stone, with channels around the edge, the milling basin, with another wheel inside it (moega), which rotates around an iron shaft embedded into the upper part of a wooden beam. Movement of the wheel, axis and arm set is powered by a donkey or mule. Olives are sent down the wooden shoot by hand or using baskets; the shoot releases them as the inner wheel passes and grinds them.

Once ground, the olives were made into a paste and taken to the press. After being placed in esparto baskets on top of one another, they were pressed, producing top-quality oil.

With the aid of hot water poured onto the paste and the baskets, oil was separated in the decanter from the more solid residues of the paste. Oil and water were collected in long wooden vessels where oil, which floats on water, was easy to separate. This is strong-tasting oil (0.6 - 0.7 acidity level), but also highly sought-after for ointments and salads.

Once dry, the solid milling residues, or garabuña, were burnt in kitchens, as they are excellent fuel.”

Source: Information panel

Year built?: 1700-1750

Is the mill or gin still in operation?: No

What is or was processed here?: Olives

Are tours available?: Only during festivals or special events.

How is or was it powered?: With animals

Related link to this waymark.: [Web Link]

What is it used as today?: Restored to show its operation in special events

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