Basílica de los santos Cosme y Damián - Roma, Italia - This Old Church on Waymarking.com

El edificio fue construido a principios del siglo iv como un templo romano, que se cree dedicado a Valerio Rómulo, el hijo y co-cónsul del emperador Majencio, muerto en 309 y deificado. El edificio del templo formó probablemente parte de un programa de reedificación de "increíble intensidad" emprendido por Majencio en la zona, después de un incendio desastroso en el año 306; el proyecto sólo estuvo terminado en parte a su muerte. La identificación del templo con Valerio Rómulo es simplemente una hipótesis, basada en el hallazgo en el lugar de una moneda que data del 307 y muestra la forma distintiva del edificio, y una dedicatoria cercana a Valerio Rómulo como un mortal divinizado.

Se ha especulado que, a su vez, este templo de Rómulo se había erigido probablemente sobre los cimientos del templo de Júpiter Estator (siglo viii a. C.), o uno dedicado a los Penates, restaurado por Majencio.

El templo fue cristianizado y dedicado a los santos Cosme y Damián en 527, cuando el rey ostrogodo Teodorico el Grande y su hija Amalasunta donaron la biblioteca del Foro de la Paz (Bibliotheca Pacis) y una porción del templo de Rómulo al papa Félix IV. El papa unió los dos edificios para crear una basílica dedicada a Cosme y Damián, mártires griegos, hermanos, médicos y santos. Era un culto que contrastaba con el culto pagano antiguo de los dos hermanos Cástor y Pólux, quienes habían sido reverenciados en el cercano templo de Cástor y Pólux.

The building was built in the early 4th century as a Roman temple, believed to be dedicated to Valerius Romulus, the son and co-consul of Emperor Maxentius, who died in 309 and was deified. The temple building was probably part of a rebuilding program of "incredible intensity" undertaken by Maxentius in the area, after a disastrous fire in 306; the project was only partly completed at his death. The identification of the temple with Valerius Romulus is merely a hypothesis, based on the finding at the site of a coin dating from 307 showing the distinctive shape of the building, and a close dedication to Valerius Romulus as a deified mortal.

It has been speculated that, in turn, this temple of Romulus had probably been erected on the foundations of the temple of Jupiter Stator (8th century BC), or one dedicated to the Penates, restored by Maxentius.

The temple was Christianized and dedicated to Saints Cosmas and Damian in 527, when the Ostrogothic King Theodoric the Great and his daughter Amalasunta donated the Library of the Forum of Peace (Bibliotheca Pacis) and a portion of the Temple of Romulus to Pope Felix IV. The pope joined the two buildings to create a basilica dedicated to Cosmas and Damian, Greek martyrs, brothers, physicians, and saints. It was a cult that contrasted with the ancient pagan cult of the two brothers Castor and Pollux, who had been revered in the nearby temple of Castor and Pollux.

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Date the Church was built, dedicated or cornerstone laid: 01/01/1000 Age of Church building determined by?: Church website If denomination of Church is not part of the name, please provide it here: Católica Street address of Church: Via dei fori imperial, 1 Roma, Lazio Italia 00186 Primary website for Church or Historic Church Building: [Web Link] If Church is open to the public, please indicate hours: Not listed If Church holds a weekly worship service and "all are welcome", please give the day of the week: Not listed Indicate the time that the primary worship service is held. List only one: Not Listed Secondary Website for Church or Historic Church Building: Not listed

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Date Logged Log User Rating   05/16/2023 GURUGU visited it