Convento de San Marcos - León, España
Posted by: Groundspeak Premium Member GURUGU
N 42° 36.102 W 005° 34.924
30T E 288179 N 4719817
El convento de San Marcos es una de las grandes joyas de la arquitectura de la ciudad española de León.
Waymark Code: WM17F75
Location: Castilla y León, Spain
Date Posted: 02/11/2023
Published By:Groundspeak Premium Member Alfouine
Views: 2

Los orígenes de este edificio se encuentran en el siglo XII, cuando en tiempos de Alfonso VII de León, su hermana, la infanta Sancha Raimúndez, en julio de 1152 realizó una donación destinada a la construcción de un modesto edificio a las afueras de la ciudad amurallada y a orillas del río Bernesga, en el cual pudieran hospedarse «los pobres de Cristo», convirtiéndose así en un templo-hospital para refugio de los peregrinos que realizaban el Camino de Santiago. Asimismo, el edificio fue la residencia principal en el reino de León de la Orden de Santiago. En 1176 fue elegido el primer prior, y en 1184 recibió sepultura en su iglesia, Pedro Fernández de Castro, el primer maestre de la Orden de Santiago.

En el siglo XVI, el edificio medieval se hallaba en mal estado, por lo que se derribó y se realizó una nueva obra gracias a una donación de Fernando el Católico en 1514. Los arquitectos designados para esta obra fueron: Juan de Orozco (iglesia), Martín de Villarreal (fachada) y Juan de Badajoz el Mozo (claustro y sacristía). Sin embargo, hasta bien entrado el reinado de Carlos I no se inició la nueva obra. Se sabe que en 1537 se construyó el lienzo de la fachada principal del convento desde la entrada hasta la iglesia, que fue consagrada en 1541. En los años siguientes, Orozco construye las esculturas de la fachada, se realiza el coro, y en 1549, Juan de Badajoz terminó la sacristía, en cuyo interior se emplaza actualmente el sepulcro, con estatua orante, del Obispo Juan Quiñones de Guzmán, obra escultórica atribuida a Esteban Jordán. Los trabajos fueron suspendidos en 1566 por el traslado de la comunidad a Calera y luego a Mérida, pero el regreso de los frailes a San Marcos en 1602 dio impulso a la continuación de la obra. En 1615 se construyó la escalera y en 1679 se concluye la parte del claustro que aún faltaba. Finalmente, entre 1711 y 1715 se realiza una gran ampliación del edificio, levantándose otro lienzo que va desde la entrada principal hacia el río, hasta rematar en la torre palaciega. Este nuevo lienzo imita perfectamente el construido en el siglo XVI, no notándose apenas diferencia artística entre ambas mitades de la fachada.

La iglesia es de estilo gótico hispano tardío, llamado «Reyes Católicos». La portada está flanqueada por dos torres inacabadas y entre ellas una gran bóveda de crucería. Destacan dos hornacinas, una en cada torre, y en una de ellas se encuentra grabada la fecha de terminación de la iglesia: 3 de junio de 1541. Están representados dos relieves: Calvario con Cruz y Descendimiento de Juan de Juni. El interior presenta una amplia y espaciosa nave, con crucero separado por rejería. En el retablo mayor son destacables: Apostolado y la Anunciación (siglo XVIII).

The origins of this building date back to the 12th century, when in the time of Alfonso VII of León, his sister, the Infanta Sancha Raimúndez, made a donation in July 1152 for the construction of a modest building on the outskirts of the city. walled and on the banks of the river Bernesga, in which "the poor of Christ" could stay, thus becoming a temple-hospital for refuge of pilgrims who made the Camino de Santiago. Likewise, the building was the main residence in the kingdom of León of the Order of Santiago. In 1176 the first prior was elected, and in 1184 he was buried in his church, Pedro Fernández de Castro, the first master of the Order of Santiago.

In the 16th century, the medieval building was in poor condition, so it was demolished and a new work was carried out thanks to a donation from Fernando el Católico in 1514. The architects appointed for this work were: Juan de Orozco (church) , Martín de Villarreal (façade) and Juan de Badajoz el Mozo (cloister and sacristy). However, the new work did not begin until well into the reign of Carlos I. It is known that in 1537 the canvas of the main façade of the convent was built from the entrance to the church, which was consecrated in 1541. In the following years, Orozco built the sculptures on the façade, the choir was made, and in 1549, Juan de Badajoz finished the sacristy, inside which is currently located the tomb, with a praying statue, of Bishop Juan Quiñones de Guzmán, a sculptural work attributed to Esteban Jordán. The works were suspended in 1566 due to the transfer of the community to Calera and then to Mérida, but the return of the friars to San Marcos in 1602 gave impetus to the continuation of the work. In 1615 the staircase was built and in 1679 the part of the cloister that was still missing was completed. Finally, between 1711 and 1715 a large extension of the building is carried out, raising another canvas that goes from the main entrance towards the river, until finishing in the palatial tower. This new canvas perfectly imitates the one built in the 16th century, noticing hardly any artistic difference between the two halves of the façade.

The church is in the late Hispanic Gothic style, called "Reyes Católicos". The portal is flanked by two unfinished towers and between them a large ribbed vault. Two niches stand out, one in each tower, and in one of them the date of completion of the church is engraved: June 3, 1541. Two reliefs are represented: Calvary with Cross and Descent of Juan de Juni. The interior presents a wide and spacious nave, with a transept separated by ironwork. In the main altarpiece are remarkable: Apostolate and the Annunciation (18th century).

(visit link)
Date the Church was built, dedicated or cornerstone laid: 01/01/1514

Age of Church building determined by?: Church website

If denomination of Church is not part of the name, please provide it here: Católica

Street address of Church:
Plaza San Marcos
León, León España
24001


Primary website for Church or Historic Church Building: [Web Link]

Secondary Website for Church or Historic Church Building: [Web Link]

If Church is open to the public, please indicate hours: Not listed

If Church holds a weekly worship service and "all are welcome", please give the day of the week: Not listed

Indicate the time that the primary worship service is held. List only one: Not Listed

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