PHYSICS - William Shockley - 1956 - Palo Alto, CA - Nobel Laureates on Waymarking.com

"William Bradford Shockley Jr. (February 13, 1910 – August 12, 1989) was an American physicist and inventor. He was the manager of a research group at Bell Labs that included John Bardeen and Walter Brattain. The three scientists were jointly awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for "their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect"." (visit link)

"Amplifying electric signals proved decisive for telephony and radio. First, electron tubes were used for this. To develop smaller and more effective amplifiers, however, it was hoped that semiconductors could be used - materials with properties between those of electrical conductors and insulators. Quantum mechanics gave new insight into the properties of these materials. In 1947 John Bardeen and Walter Brattain produced a semiconductor amplifier, which was further developed by William Shockley. The component was named a "transistor"." (visit link)

Field of Accomplishment: Physics Year of Award: 1956 Primary Relevant Web Site: [Web Link] Secondary Relevant Web Site: [Web Link]

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