Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, 3 is a London Underground station at Heathrow Airport on the Heathrow branch of the Piccadilly line. The station is situated in Travelcard Zone 6.
The station opened as Heathrow Central on 16 December 1977 as the final phase of the Piccadilly Line's extension from Hounslow West to the airport. The preceding station, Hatton Cross, had opened as the interim terminus in 1975. At its opening, the station served as the terminus of what became known as the Heathrow branch of the line — previously it had been the Hounslow branch. It was the first time that an airport had been directly served by an underground railway system.
With the development of the airport's new Terminal 4 underway for which a separate Underground station would be provided, the station was renamed Heathrow Central Terminals 1, 2, 3 on 3 September 1983. The station gained its present name on 12 April 1986, the same day that services began at the Heathrow Terminal 4 station.
The Terminal 4 station is located on a unidirectional single track loop from Hatton Cross to Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, 3. On the opening of the Terminal 4 station most direct services from Hatton Cross ceased, with most Piccadilly Line trains going first to Terminal 4. Some early morning trains still went directly to Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, 3 to the confusion of some passengers.
For the construction of the tunnel to the new Heathrow Terminal 5 station, the loop track and Terminal 4 station closed temporarily on 7 January 2005 and Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, 3 once again became the terminus of the line. This situation continued until 17 September 2006, when the Terminal 5 tunnel works were sufficiently complete for the loop tunnel and Terminal 4 station to reopen.
Heathrow Terminal 5 station opened on 27 March 2008, but the frequency of trains on the Heathrow branch of the Piccadilly Line remained the same as previously, with services from Hatton Cross to Heathrow split. Alternate trains run either to Terminal 4 (around the loop and back to Central London via Terminals 1, 2, 3), or direct to Terminals 1, 2, 3 and Terminal 5.
Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, 3 has a double crossover directly to the east which can be seen from the platform. The station has six escalators of which two operate from the platform to the ticket hall area and two operate in the opposite direction; the other two connect the ticket hall area to the surface. A mezzanine floor between the platform and ticket hall levels provide staff accommodation and facilities. Trains may serve platform 1 from either direction but platform 2 may only be served by eastbound trains. British Transport Police maintain a presence at Heathrow.
Until 2012, free transfer was not possible between terminals, in contrast to the Heathrow Express. In January 2012, free travel was introduced for Oyster card holders between the Heathrow stations on the Piccadilly line. Journeys from Heathrow Terminals 1,2,3 to Terminal 4 via the Piccadilly line require a change at Hatton Cross (this journey is free, despite Hatton Cross not being part of the free travel zone).
As of March 2012, the station had undergone renovation works which featured an extended control room, all six escalators refurbished, a station enhancement and two Step Free Access lifts from the ticket hall (located near the bottom of the escalators from street level) to the platforms. Step Free Access to street level will continue to be served by the two BAA lifts from the Coach station.
London Buses Routes 105, 111, 140, 285, A10, U3, Express routes 724 and X26 and Night Route N9 and Non London Bus Routes 75, 76, 441, 555, 740, A30, A40 serve the station.