Beginning Point of the U.S. Public Land Survey - East Liverpool, OH/Beaver Co., PA
Posted by: 
Ernmark
N 40° 38.550 W 080° 31.140
17T E 540670 N 4499183
Monument placed at the Ohio/Pennsylvania border commemorating the spot 1112 feet South which served as the starting point of the 'western lands' eventually stretching to the West Coast.
Waymark Code: WMM0C0
Location: Ohio, United States
Date Posted: 06/26/2014
Views: 11
The stone obelisk at this location was listed on the Register in 1966 and commemorates an important spot in the history of U.S. surveying which was actually 1,112 feet to the south (N 40° 38.367, W 80° 31.140) and unfortunately lost. At one point the spot was under water, but appears to currently be in a paved area on commercial property.
The significance of the 'Point of Beginning' to surveying is that from this point, a system of rectangular grids was established to divide public lands into six-square-mile 'townships' as per the Ordinance of 1785. This led to the surveying of the Old Northwest Territory and eventually to the new territories of the Western United States.
The monument itself contains inscriptions in the stone face on
the East (PA) & West (OH) sides, and a bronze National Historic Landmark plaque on the North side (the plaque was replaced in 2003).
Pennsylvania Side
Erected in 1881 by a joint commission appointed by the states of Pennsylvania and Ohio to re-survey and re-mark the boundary line as established in 1786.
Ohio Side
1112 feet south of this spot was the "point of beginning" for surveying the public lands of the United States. There, on September 30, 1785, Thomas Hutchins, first Geographer of the United States, began the Geographer's Line of the Seven Ranges. This inscription was dedicated September 30, 1960, in joint action of the East Liverpool Historical Society and the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping.
From the National Register Nomination form - http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Text/66000606.pdf - The survey was "the first mathematically designed system and nationally conducted cadastral survey in any modern country" and is "an object of study by public officials of foreign countries as a basis for land reform."
The Point of Beginning monument sits directly on the OH/PA border on the South side of OH Route 39 / PA Route 68
A marker placed by the Beaver County Historical Research & Landmarks Foundation a few yards in side Pennsylvania contains the following text regarding this spot:
No survey of the Western Lands of the United States could be made as required under the Land Ordinance of 1785 until the surveyors for Pennsylvania and Virginia set a marker on the North shore of the Ohio River. On August 20, 1785, that marker was set and concluded the North-South line between the two states. The original marker, long since lost, was located 1,112 feet South of this plaque and was also known as the "Point of Beginning" for the survey of the Western Lands, which began on September 30, 1785.
There are also 2 Historical Markers located just inside Ohio which provide additional information on the Land Ordinance of 1785, the Seven Ranges, and on Thomas Hutchins - the first Geographer of the United States. Click on the links below & see the nearby waymarks for more information on this site and its importance to the history of surveying in the United States.
Note - thanks to waymarker thebeav69 for reminding me of this historical spot & twisting my arm to travel out to visit this stone.