Umtanum Ridge - Yakima Canyon Road, WA
Posted by: Groundspeak Premium Member gypsie2
N 46° 48.930 W 120° 27.084
10T E 694420 N 5187815
Plaque gives an explanation on the formation of these hills.
Waymark Code: WMJ1J6
Location: Washington, United States
Date Posted: 09/09/2013
Published By:Groundspeak Premium Member RakeInTheCache
Views: 10

The Umtanum Ridge is an anticline formed by the folding of the basalt flows.
From Wikipedia: "The great basalt flows of the Columbia Basin and of the Ellensburg Formation, in some places over 5000 meters (17,000 feet) thick, have been folded into ridges (anticlines) and valleys (synclines) running roughly east-west as a result of north-south compression. On its way to join the Columbia River, the Yakima River cuts from the Kittitas Valley southward through four major ridges formed by this compression: the Manastash Ridge, the Umtanum Ridge, the Yakima Ridge, and the Ahtanum Ridge to reach the Yakima Valley.

The highest ridge through which the Yakima flows, the Umtanum Ridge, rises to 983 meters (3225 feet) within 1 km of the river, which lies at about 470 meters (1542 feet) in elevation at the closest point. This unusual juxtaposition (rivers cutting through ridges rather than flowing through apparently more favorable routes) is an example of geologic precedence. The ancient Yakima River is believed to have been there, flowing southward above the relatively flat basalt layers. As the layers compressed, the anticlines slowly rose. The river continued to follow its historic course, cutting downward through the basalt to maintain a relative level. This view is supported by the significant meanders found in the canyon today; when a river has meanders, they tend to be preserved in rock as the river eats into a rising anticline."
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