72nd Pennsylvania Infantry Monument - Gettysburg, PA
Posted by: Groundspeak Regular Member Math Teacher
N 39° 48.773 W 077° 14.144
18S E 308629 N 4409380
This is one of 110 monuments dedicated to Pennsylvania units who served at Gettysburg and indicates the position held by 72nd PA Infantry on July 3, 1863 standing in-line, firing volleys into Armistead's advance line.
Waymark Code: WMGMM4
Location: Pennsylvania, United States
Date Posted: 03/20/2013
Published By:Groundspeak Charter Member BruceS
Views: 6

The 72nd Pennsylvania Infantry was also known as Baxter’s Fire Zouaves. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Webb’s Brigade in Gibbon’s Division of the Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, a Fighting 300 Regiment and was part of the famous Philadelphia Brigade. They wore a very Americanized zouave uniform, consisting of a zouave jacket trimmed with red without a tombeux on the jacket, sky-blue trousers with a red stripe down the leg, a sky-blue zouave vest trimmed in red, white gaiters, and a dark blue kepi. The jacket was decorated with 16 ball brass buttons down the front of the jacket, which were not part of the original French Zouave uniform.

The 72nd was recruited from among the firemen of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in early August 1861.At the Battle of Gettysburg, it defended the Angle on July 2 and 3. On the evening of the 2nd, it helped defeat Confederate Brigade General Ambrose R. Wright's attack, advancing just over the stone wall. The next day, it was placed in reserve for the brigade near the copse of trees. During Pickett's Charge, its position served as a rallying point for the left wing of the 71st and two companies of the 106th Pennsylvania, which had been driven back.

The 72nd Pennsylvania Infantry was commanded by Colonel Dewitt C. Baxter (1829-1881) @ Gettysburg. At Gettysburg, Col. Baxter replaced the wounded General Webb in command of the Brigade, and Lt. Colonel Hesser replaced him in command of the 72nd Regiment. After the war, Baxter was a naval officer at the Custom House from 1867-1871. In the mid-1870s he was involved in the Keystone Portable Forge Company. He also may have revived his Panoramic Directory business in the late 1870s. Upon his death in May 1881, his obituary reported, Baxter was holding "a position at the Custom house." He died on May 9, 1881, and his obituary appeared on the front-page the following day in the Philadelphia Public Ledger. He was originally buried in Monument Cemetery in Philadelphia, but later he was reinterred in Lawnview in 1956. Under Baxter's command, the 72nd brought 458 men to the battlefield and among them, 44 men were killed, 146 were wounded and 2 went missing.

The 72nd Pennsylvania Infantry Monument is located along Hancock Avenue (RD310), on the left or west side of the road if traveling traveling north. 50 feet off of the road, near the old intersection of where Webb Avenue turned off of Hancock Avenue. This is now a patch of deep. dark green grass which arcs around and ends north of this position. The monument is 108 feet to the southwest of the Brigadier General A. S. Webb Monument. This position is also exactly 114 feet north northwest of the High Water Mark Monument (MN230). The monument faces due east, so on would have to face west, in the direction where the Rebel attack originated on July 3, 1863. This area is an absolute beehive of activity as this site represents the best of what Gettysburg has to offer, both historically and monumentally. Parking is plentiful and is available road-side at intermittently enlarged shoulder cut-outs, usually marked with white striping. Be sure to keep vehicles off the grass or you will be ticketed by park police. I visited this monument on Tuesday, August 7, 2012 at approximately 4:59 P.M. I was at an elevation of 599 feet, ASL. I used a Canon PowerShot 14.1 Megapixel, SX210 IS digital camera for the photos.

The Draw the Sword site helped out by the NPS narrative and the SIRIS site offers the following description: John Flahtery, sculptor. Dedicated August 27, 1883. It was erected by the surviving members of the 72nd Pennsylvania Infantry, Philadelphia Brigade in memory of their deceased members. The sculpture indicates the position held by the 72nd Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Brigade on July 3, 1863, where they stood in line and fired volleys into Armistead’s line as he advanced across the angle wall. Monument is a two-part granite shaft with a two-part chamfered back and set on a 5.10×4 foot base. The shaft has a combination of finished and rough cut tooling with a zinc tablet in the center front. Overall height is 6.8 feet.

The monument was dedicated in August 27, 1883. The monument is composed of granite w/ the bronze tablet and has the following dimensions: The sculpture is 6 feet 8 inches in height and the base is approximately 2 x 4 x 6 feet. The monument was sculpted by John Flaherty. Flaherty also sculpted the 140th Pennsylvania Infantry Monument. There is a lone inscription on the front inscribed on a bronze tablet which reads:

Erected by 72nd Regt. P.V.
The ground of the last assault
the Philadelphia Brigade
Gen. Alexander Webb
held this angle July 2d and 3d 1863
casualties in the battle 495
——————————
The 72d Penn. Vol's
"Philadelphia Fire Zouaves"
Colonel D.W.C. Baxter
lost 10 officers and 182 men
out of 473 present for duty
the regiment erects this tribute
to the memory of fallen comrades
Philadelphia Brigade.


The 72nd Pennsylvania Infantry Monument is a contributing feature to the Gettysburg National Military Park Historic District which is nationally significant under NR Criteria A, B, C & D. Areas of Significance: Military, Politics/Government, Landscape Architecture, Conservation, Archeology-Historic. Period of Significance: 1863-1938. The original National Register Nomination was approved by the Keeper March 19, 1975. An update to this nomination was approved by the Keeper on January 23, 2004. The monument is identified as structure number MN227.

From the Nomination Form:
1 of 110 Monuments to Pennsylvania. Indicates position held by 72nd PA Infty Jul 3, 1863 standing in-line, firing volleys into Armistead's line advance. Located junction Webb Ave & Hancock @ copse of trees.

Short Physical Description:
MN base 5'10"x4'. 2 part granite shaft w/ 2nd part chamfered @ back, combination of finished & rough-cut tooling, zinc (white bronze) tablet center front. All 6'8"H. Stone surface cleaned, structural crack evident.

Long Physical Description:
Monument is a two-part granite shaft with a two-part chamfered back and set on a 5.10x4 foot base. The shaft has a combination of finished and rough cut tooling with a zinc tablet in the center front. Overall height is 6.8 feet. Located at the junction of the former Webb Avenue and Hancock Avenue.


My Sources
1. NRHP Nomination Form
2. SIRIS
3. Stone Sentinels
4. Virtual Gettysburg
5. Draw the Sword
6. Historical Marker Database
7. Wikipedia

Date Installed or Dedicated: 08/27/1883

Name of Government Entity or Private Organization that built the monument: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

Union, Confederate or Other Monument: Union

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Related Website: [Web Link]

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