New Hampshire Sharpshooters Monument (1886 - 2012) - Gettysburg, PA
Posted by: Groundspeak Regular Member Math Teacher
N 39° 48.484 W 077° 14.170
18S E 308579 N 4408847
This monument of the GBMA Era (1863 - 1895), represents one of nine monuments commemorating Berdan's Sharpshooters and indicates the position of Company E, 1st U.S. Sharpshooters of New Hampshire on July 3, 1863.
Waymark Code: WMFVK8
Location: Pennsylvania, United States
Date Posted: 12/04/2012
Published By:Groundspeak Premium Member lumbricus
Views: 6

The Gettysburg National Park Commission [The Commission is also referred to as the Gettysburg National Military Park Commission or the Gettysburg Park Commission], established by the United States Department of War, after they took over the administration of the park from the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association (whose funds had expired) on March 3, 1893, and whose stewardship was later transferred to the National Park Service in 1933 (SOURCE), took a pictorial inventory of many of the existing monuments in the eventual historic district (a majority of them seem to have been Pennsylvania monuments being there are over one hundred of them). These pictures were included in their yearly Commission reports. I have found hundreds of these pictures on Virtual Gettysburg, a comprehensive website which pictorially inventories all the monuments and provides minor narratives as well. All the photos look the same as if they were taken by the same camera and in the same approximate time period. Even the angles are all the same, positioning the monument at a slight right angle (standing to the left), revealing a little of the left side of the monument. The entire park looks so young and immature when the photos were taken. After all, the Battle of Gettysburg was thirty-seven years old at the time and war veterans were only in their fifties. I have never been able to find any photo credits (I have a sneaking suspicion some of the photos may have been snapped by members of the Park Commissions and published in their annual November report to the War Department) but I know they are public domain because their copyrights have all expired. This picture represent the efforts of the Commission well into the Commission period. Most of my pictures I use come from a website called Virtual Gettysburg. It seems however, all the pictures of the New York monuments were either borrowed from or shared with a New York monuments website. That site, The New York State Division of Military & Naval Affairs can be found HERE. This picture was found accidentally after I conducted a literature review on the monument. It turns out, there was a book written in the late 19th century on the dedication ceremony and with it, was a transcript of the dedication and a picture of the monument taken at the time of the dedication ceremony. The type of picture was called a cabinet card. The cabinet card was the style of photograph which was universally adopted for photographic portraiture in 1870. That book and picture (Page 546) can be found HERE. More information about the book may be found below in this waymark.

Clearly it is evident, through a survey of historical pictures and other archival information (such as the annual Commission reports), much change has occurred at Gettysburg Battlefield. With the passage of legislation affording historical status to this site as well as placing it under the auspices of the National Park Service, its patrons and caretakers had to groom and prepare the area to make it more authentic as well as educational. Today the battlefield has managed to maintain an authentic 1863 feel, but back then, as evident in the many photos, it was a desolate, empty place of brown and green fields broken only by the occasional farmstead, their outbuildings and fields of crops. With the emergence and dedication of hundreds of monuments during the commemoration period and all the other dedications prior to 1900, and the development of farmland, some change has occurred but for the most part, nothing too dramatic. This monument was taken on July 2, 1886 making this picture 126 years, 5 months, 3 days old. My picture was taken on July 5, 2012 making the time which has elapsed between the photo tandem 126 year and 4 days. As far as differences in the two pictures, everything with the monument is the same and the background, including a fence, is also similar. A few trees have grown but that is all the change which has occurred in the last 110 years.

The New Hampshire Sharpshooters Monument is located on the west or left side of Hancock Avenue if traveling north, just north of the Pennsylvania State Monument, which is located on the east or right side of the road and both monuments being south of Gettysburg. The Pleasanton Avenue intersection is just 87 feet north of this position. The front inscription faces the east, so you would be facing the west to read it. This location is a hot-bed of activity and one of the best examples of a hands-on history lesson of the Civil War one could hope to find. All along both sides of the road are these types of tablets, memorials, monuments, sculptures, and all manner of cannons, rifles and guns. Parking is available at enlarged shoulder cutouts on the right side of the road, directly across from the various monuments. Be sure to keep vehicles off the grass or you will be ticketed by park police. I visited this monument on Thursday, July 5, 2012 at approximately 6:00 P.M. I was at an elevation of 575 feet, ASL. I used a Canon PowerShot 14.1 Megapixel, SX210 IS digital camera for the photos. I faced west southwest to get my matching photo, placing the monument at the slightest of angles, revealing a smidgeon of the right side.


From a previous waymark about this monument:

The Company E, 1st United States Sharpshooters and Companies F & G, 2nd United States Sharpshooters served as a member of Ward’s Brigade in Birney’s Division of the Third Corps, Army of the Potomac, a Fighting 300 Regiment. The unit was commanded by Major Homer R. Stoughton (1836-1902), a resident of Randolph Vermont who enlisted on September 25, 1861 as a Captain. After the War Homer lived in Oberlin, Ohio. He is buried at Elmwood Cemetery, Barre (Washington County), Vermont. Under Homer's command, the sharpshooter had 200 men engaged at Gettysburg and among them, 5 were killed, 23 were wounded and 15 went missing.

The Draw the Sword site helped out by the NPS narrative and the SIRIS site offers the following description: Rectangular sculpture in a horizontal composition with a relief of a uniformed infantry laying face down, propped up on his elbows and firing his musket. The sculpture and base have rough-hewn surfaces. The monument cost $700.00, of which $500.00 was paid by the state of New Hampshire. Monument is a two-part stepped granite shaft with excised inscription on the lower part and a reclining infantryman in bas-relief on the upper part. It is set on a 10.4×3.8 foot rough cut stone base. Flanking markers are 1.4x.6 foot with a polished and smooth finish and chamfered edges.

The monument was dedicated on June 2, 1886 by the State of New Hampshire. The monument is composed of Concord granite and has the following dimensions: The sculpture is approximately 5 feet 1 inch x 8 feet 10 inches x 2 feet 2 inches, the base is approximately 1 foot 3 inches x 10 feet 4 inches x 3 feet 8 inches. Thomas Naun was contracted to work on the monument. I have no idea who sculpted or fabricated the monument.

Through an extensive literature review, I located a first hand account of this monument's dedication in 1886 in a book called Berdan's United States sharpshooters in the Army of the Potomac, 1861-1865. The book was written in 1892 by Charles Augustus Stevens and published out of St. Paul Minnesota. The book contains an 1886 picture of the monument taken at the dedication on July 2, 1886. Below is an excerpt from page 546 of that book concerning this monument:


There is an inscription on the lower front of the monument, right under the relief art which reads:

New Hampshire.
Cos. E, 1st Reg, F & G, 2nd Reg.
Berdan's U.S. Sharpshooters.
2d Brig, 1st Div, 3d Corps.
July 3, 1863.


The New Hampshire Sharpshooters Monument is a contributing feature to the Gettysburg National Military Park Historic District which is nationally significant under NR Criteria A, B, C & D. Areas of Significance: Military, Politics/Government, Landscape Architecture, Conservation, Archeology-Historic. Period of Significance: 1863-1938. The original National Register Nomination was approved by the Keeper March 19, 1975. An update to this nomination was approved by the Keeper on January 23, 2004. The monument is identified as structure number MN262-B.

From the Nomination Form:
1 of 9 Mn to Berdan's sharpshooters of the GBMA Era (1863 - 1895). Indicates position of Co. E, 1st U.S. Sharpshooters of NH, July 3, 1863. Located on Hancock Avenue near intersection of Pleasonton Avenue. LF marker S of Mn, RF marker N of Mn, N side of Pleasonton Ave.

Short Physical Description:
Mn w/ 2 flanking markers. Base 10'4"x3'8" rough-cut stone, 2 part stepped shaft w/ exncised inscription-lower, reclining infantryman bas- relief-upper. RF&LF 1'4"x6"x1'3"H, chamfered edges, polished & smooth finish.

Long Physical Description:
Monument that has two flanking markers. Monument is a two-part stepped granite shaft with excised inscription on the lower part and a reclining infantryman in bas-relief on the upper part. It is set on a 10.4x3.8 foot rough cut stone base. Flanking markers are 1.4x.6 foot with a polished and smooth finish and chamfered edges. Located on Hancock Avenue near the intersection of Pleasonton Avenue.


My Sources
1. NRHP Nomination Form
2. SIRIS
3. Stone Sentinels
4. Virtual Gettysburg
5. Draw the Sword
6. Historical Marker Database

Year photo was taken: 1886

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